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Designing a prototype of an Auto cut-off and power theft detection system
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Date
2026
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Publisher
Busitema university
Abstract
Electricity theft and electrical overload are among the major challenges affecting modern electrical distribution systems. Illegal power connections result in huge financial losses, transformer overloading, voltage instability, electrical hazards, and equipment damage. Overload conditions also expose electrical appliances and installations to overheating, fire outbreaks, and reduced lifespan.
This project presents the design prototype of an Auto Cut-Off and Power Theft Detection System. The developed system continuously monitors electrical current using ACS712 current sensors installed at both the input and output stages of the electrical system. The Arduino Uno micro-controller compares the measured current values and determines whether abnormal conditions such as electricity theft or overload exist.
Whenever the difference between input current and output current exceeds 0.5A, the system interprets this as electricity theft and immediately disconnects the power supply using a relay module. During overload conditions (output current exceeding 3.5A), the system also disconnects electrical power automatically. A 16×2 LCD display is incorporated for real-time monitoring, and a buzzer with LED provides alarms. The system includes a technician reset mechanism that restores normal operation only after the fault condition has been corrected.
The developed system provides a reliable, intelligent, low-cost, and efficient solution for electricity theft detection and overload protection suitable for homes, industries, institutions, and utility monitoring applications.
Description
Final year project report
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Citation
Chemonges,D...et al. (2026).Designing a prototype of an Auto cut -off and power theft detection system.Busitema university.