Cryptosporidiosis among people living with HIV/AIDS on highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) at Mukono church of Uganda hospital, Uganda.
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Date
2016
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International Journal of Sciences
Abstract
This study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis among People living with HIV (PLWH) on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and relate the prevalence to possession of pets and the immune status of the individual attending ART at Mukono church of Uganda hospital. A cross sectional study was carried out among 232 people living with HIV between June and July, 2014. Interview with questionnaires and document reviews were used to collect data.
Stool samples were obtained from each patient and processed using formal-ether concentration method, stained by modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining method and parasites were examined by direct microscopy. Univariate and multivariate analysis were carried out. Level of significance was set at p-value of 0.05. A total of 232 patients participated in the study. The mean age was 36.0 (±1 SD of 13.3) years. Females constituted 73.7% (171) of the
study participants. All the study participants were those initiated on HAART. The most common HAART regimen being used by the study participants was AZT/3TC/EFV accounting for 61% (141/232) of the patients.
More than half of the study participants were on HAART for more than one year (54%) whereas 46% were within the first year of treatment. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp was 4.31% (10/232). A significantdifference in the risk of developing infection with Cryptosporidium spp was observed between groups based CD4+ T-lyphocyte counts, duration on HAART and possession of pets (p < 0.05 for all variables). The low
prevalence of Cryptosporidiosis in this study may imply that immune restoration through ART is an important in prevention and management of Cryptosporidiosis. Though the prevalence reported in this study was low, it is still important for clinicians to maintain a high index of suspicion for cryptosporidiosis in gastro intestinal infections among PLWH with keen attention to those with CD4+T-lymphocyte count <100cells/mm3.
Keywords: Cryptosporidiosis; Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART); People Leaving with HIV(PLWH).
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Research article
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Citation
Guwo, A., Nekaka, R., Oboth, P., Nteziyaremye, J., & Iramiot, J. S. (2016). Cryptosporidiosis among People Living with HIV/AIDS on Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) at Mukono Church of Uganda Hospital, Uganda. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research, 30(1), 47–56. https://gssrr.org/index.php?journal=JournalOfBasicAndApplied&page=article&op=view&path%5B%5D=6201.