Socio-economic factors influencing the gross margin of indigenous chicken prodction among households in Apetai sub-county, Tororo district.
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Date
2026
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Busitema University
Abstract
Indigenous chicken production is an important livelihood activity among rural households in Uganda, providing income and food while requiring relatively low levels of investment. However, its profitability varies depending on household characteristics, production practices and other factors. This study assessed the socioeconomic factors influencing the gross margin of indigenous chicken production among households in Apetai Sub-County, Tororo District. Specifically, the study aimed to characterize indigenous chicken farmers, determine the profitability of indigenous chicken production, and identify the major factors influencing profitability. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was adopted. Primary data were collected from 200 households using structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis and multiple linear regression. The findings showed that most household heads were male 58.5%, married 83.5%, and had attained primary education (46%), while farming was the main occupation of 84% of respondents. The mean age of household heads was 42.26 years, with an average household size of 6.69 members and an average of 11.24 years of experience in indigenous chicken production. The profitability analysis showed that indigenous chicken production generated an average monthly revenue of UGX 399,000 and incurred average monthly production costs of UGX 62,200, resulting in an average gross margin of UGX 337,000 per household. The regression model was statistically significant, F(8,191) = 10.850, p < 0.001. The study concluded that indigenous chicken production is a profitable household enterprise in Apetai Sub-county. The study recommended strengthening farmer training and extension services, improving flock management and veterinary support, and addressing major production challenges, particularly feed-related costs and predator problems, to enhance profitability.
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Undergraduate research report
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Ekapel, H. E. (2026). Socio-economic factors influencing the gross margin of indigenous chicken prodction among households in Apetai sub-county, Tororo district. [Unpublished undergraduate research report]. Busitema University.