Browsing by Author "Oboth, Paul"

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    Cryptosporidiosis among people living with HIV/AIDS on highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) at Mukono church of Uganda hospital, Uganda.
    (International Journal of Sciences, 2016) Guwa, Annet; Nekakab, Rebecca; Oboth, Paul; Nteziyaremyed, Julius; Iramiot, Jacob S
    This study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis among People living with HIV (PLWH) on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and relate the prevalence to possession of pets and the immune status of the individual attending ART at Mukono church of Uganda hospital. A cross sectional study was carried out among 232 people living with HIV between June and July, 2014. Interview with questionnaires and document reviews were used to collect data. Stool samples were obtained from each patient and processed using formal-ether concentration method, stained by modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining method and parasites were examined by direct microscopy. Univariate and multivariate analysis were carried out. Level of significance was set at p-value of 0.05. A total of 232 patients participated in the study. The mean age was 36.0 (±1 SD of 13.3) years. Females constituted 73.7% (171) of the study participants. All the study participants were those initiated on HAART. The most common HAART regimen being used by the study participants was AZT/3TC/EFV accounting for 61% (141/232) of the patients. More than half of the study participants were on HAART for more than one year (54%) whereas 46% were within the first year of treatment. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp was 4.31% (10/232). A significantdifference in the risk of developing infection with Cryptosporidium spp was observed between groups based CD4+ T-lyphocyte counts, duration on HAART and possession of pets (p < 0.05 for all variables). The low prevalence of Cryptosporidiosis in this study may imply that immune restoration through ART is an important in prevention and management of Cryptosporidiosis. Though the prevalence reported in this study was low, it is still important for clinicians to maintain a high index of suspicion for cryptosporidiosis in gastro intestinal infections among PLWH with keen attention to those with CD4+T-lymphocyte count <100cells/mm3. Keywords: Cryptosporidiosis; Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART); People Leaving with HIV(PLWH).
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    Sero-prevalence and factors associated with helicobacter pylori infection in a rural population in eastern Uganda:
    (Primary Health Care: Open Access, 2021) Nekaka, Rebecca; Oboth, Paul; Nteziyaremye, Julius; Gavamukulya, Yahaya; Ssenyonga, Lydia VN; Iramiot, Jacob Stanley
    Background: Globally, 50% or more of the world’s population is infected with Helicobacter pylori making it the most widely spread bacteria across the world. The low developed countries are more overburdened by Helicobacter pylori infection than the developed countries. H. pylori infection is associated with duodenal ulcer, chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), lymphomas, and adenocarcinoma. This study reports the prevalence of H. pylori and itsassociated factors in Eastern Uganda. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study involving 275 participants was carried out in eastern Uganda. H. pylori serology was done and face to face interviewer-administered questionnaire were used for data collection. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and imported to Stata version 14 for analysis and a P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The seroprevalence of H. pylori was 27.3% (75/275) with 28.4% (50/176) of the females being positive compared to 25.3% (25/99) of the males. Consumption of animal products (meat, milk, and eggs) was the only statistically significant factor associated with H. pylori seropositivity (P <0.001, 95% CI =1.934-4.209, AOR=2.85). Conclusion: The H. pylori seroprevalence is high in eastern Uganda. Consumption of animal products was a positive predictor of infectivity. Keywords: Helicobacter pylori • Animal products • Seroprevalence • Kibuku • Eastern Uganda