Department of Agriculture

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Production Determinants of the Pearl Millet Cropping System in Uganda and Implications to Productivity.
(Journal of Agricultural Science, 2016) Lubadde, G; Tongoona, P; Derera, J; Sibiya, J
Pearl millet is an important crop for people living in semi-arid areas in Uganda but not much is known about its production environment. A survey was conducted in eastern and northern regions of Uganda to characterise the pearl millet cropping system and to identify the most important production determinants. Using questionnaires, data was collected from 160 households through face-to-face interviews with the respondents. Results showed that pearl millet was mainly grown for food and source of income. The production environment was low input as farmers planted unimproved genotypes, used no artificial chemicals or manure, and had minimal access to financial credit and agricultural trainings or extension services. Planting was done in the second rains with no optimal use of important resources like family labour and seed due to seed broadcasting. Farmers desired genotypes with traits such as; stay green, being tall, high tillering, high yield, early maturity and being ergot resistant. The most important constraints were ergot and rust diseases susceptibility, low yield, low tillering, late maturity, sterile panicles, rodents, moulds/rotting and insect pests; while lack of market, low prices and price fluctuation were the important market constraints. Results further showed that farmers lacked knowledge about the common diseases like rust and ergot. The area planted, spouse age and years of pearl millet cultivation were the important factors enhancing production while age of household head, amount of seed planted and distance to the market negatively affected grain yield.
Agriculture land management vita.
(Saturday Monitor, 2017-11-04) Ssali, Michael J.
The anticipated agricultural revolution aimed at ending hunger, creating wealth, expanding exports, and modernising agriculture will not be possible unless the entire public, especially the farmers and local leaders appreciate the importance of sustainable land management.
Woman play crucial role in agriculture.
(Daily Monitor., 2018-03-08) Lominda, Afedraru
There are about 925 million undernourished people in the world today, according to the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations. While many Factors influence worldwide food security levels, the gender gap in agricultural production remains one of the most pressing issues and Uganda is not exceptional.
Factors that have influenced low adoption of watermelon growing in Ngariam county, katakwi district
(Busitema University, 2023) Opio, Mackay
This study investigated the factors influencing watermelon growing in Ngariam county, Katakwi district, Uganda. The study employed a cross-sectional research design and 20 respondents were involved. Data was collected using questionnaire and presented in form of frequency tables and charts both pie charts and graphs. The findings revealed factors influencing watermelon cultivation such as shortage of land, poor transport, inadequate extension services, harsh climatic conditions, lack of access to credit, price fluctuation, pests and diseases. The agronomic practices to increase the yield of the fruit among farmers included; planting improved seed variety, application of fertilizers, control of pests and diseases, timely planting and harvesting. The approaches for increased adoption of the fruit according to the findings were; improvement of transport, increasing access to credit, provision of effective extension services and provision of improved seeds, provision of fertilizers and pesticides.
Effect of early blight disease on tomato production in ibulanku sub-county bugweri district.
(Busitema University, 2023) Kaswa Alaphat
The research study established the effect of early blight disease on tomato production in Ibulanku sub county Bugweri district. The research questions were: how is early blight is spread in tomatoes, what are the effects of early blight disease in tomato yield or production and what are the possible solutions to control the effect of early blight disease in tomato production. The scope of the study included Ibulanku parish and Nawansega parish. The study was conducted within period of two months. The researcher used a descriptive research design. The study population composed of 30 respondents. The research instruments were interview guide, questionnaire, and observation. The data was carefully sorted, analyzed and interpreted and put in tables. The study found out that the spread of the early blight disease was wind, waters, splash rain drops, natural openings, insects and airborne disease. The effect of early blight on tomatoes was reduced crop yield, rotting of tomatoes, poor quality of the tomatoes, stunted growth and weakening of plant structure. The possible solutions to control early blight were cultural practices, fungicide application, crop rotation, planting resistant varieties and biological control. The conclusions were that agricultural officers should have regular visitations to the grower's gardens to give technical advice on what kind of insecticides to apply at every stage of tomato growth, organize workshops and seminars to sensitize tomato growers on how to control early blight disease, use of biological methods, planting resistant varieties, use of crop rotation, regular fungicide application and use of cultural practices
Problems hindering women farmers’ involvement in various agricultural activities in nalugugu sub-county, sironko district, uganda.
(Busitema University, 2023) Namutosi Dorothy
This research study was conducted on problems hindering women farmers’ involvement in various agricultural activities in Nalugugu sub-county, Sironko District, Uganda. The research design was a cross-sectional design. A sample population of 105 participants was adopted by the use of purposive sampling and simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using questionnaires that were designed for women farmers involved in agricultural practices, these also included the local leaders and thus data was presented in different forms i.e., pie charts, graphs and in frequency tables. The research results, indicated that there are various problems hindering women farmers’ involvement in various agricultural activities in Nalugugu sub county, Sironko District, Uganda. The following were the problems hindering women farmers’ involvement in various agricultural activities and these included; Limited access to Land and Property Rights, Limited access to Financial Resources, Limited Access to Agricultural inputs and technology, inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, and tools, women farmers also face a problem of Gender-Based Discrimination. In this research study, the following strategies, can be developed to overcome the problems hindering women farmers’ involvement in various agricultural activities and these included; Access to Resources, providing education and training opportunities for women in agriculture, promoting gender equality in agriculture is crucial for empowering women farmers. Therefore, the involvement of women farmers in various agricultural activities, would lead to a potential in order to improve on food security in Nalugugu sub-county, Sironko District and even in Uganda as a country. This research study, pointed out various conclusions and these included; Women farmers face various challenges that hinder their involvement in agricultural activities. These challenges include limited access to resources, lack of land ownership, gender-based discrimination, and inadequate training and education.
Assessment of farmers’ knowledge and perception on the fall armyworm pest infestation on maize crop in nsinze sub-county namutumba district, eastern uganda
(Busitema University, 2023) Isiko Eric
This study assessed farmers’ knowledge of Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm), their perceptions and management practices of the worm in Nsinze Sub- County. Data was collected through a survey of 110 maize farmers. 57.3% of farmers recognized S. frugiperda damage, 31.7% of them were able to identify its larvae, and 93.9% of the maize fields were infested. According to farmers, the perceived yield losses amounted to 797.2 kg/ha of maize, representing 49% of the average maize yield commonly obtained by farmers. Most farmers (86.5%) used synthetic pesticides and 9.1% of them used botanical pesticides like Veronia, which they found more effective than synthetic pesticides. More research is required to further understand the effectiveness of botanical pesticides made by farmers against S. frugiperda and to refine them for scaling-up.
Influence of women participation in community development programs on their livelihood in kizuba sub-county namutumba district, eastern uganda
(Busitema University, 2023) Liboti Ibrahim
This study assessed the influence of participation in community development programs on women livelihood in Kizuba sub-county, Namutumba District. The study objectives were to assess the influence of socio-economic conditions on women farmers, examine the ownership and control of agricultural production resources by women farmers and examine the influence of participation in community development programs on women farmers’ empowerment. Cross-sectional survey research designed was used to randomly collect data from 80 women farmers in Namutumba District and questionnaire were used. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The findings showed that all women earn income and many of them earn monthly very regular xiii income from self-employment and commercial agriculture mainly from chickens, ducks and turkeys. Women’s level of ownership of agricultural production resources is neither high nor low and have low control over agricultural production resources and mainly participate in agricultural community training programs because they want to access to improved agricultural technology and agricultural skills for use in their farms. Therefore, the researcher recommends for enhancement of awareness raising and mainstreaming gender issues in agricultural development interventions.
Factors limiting green pepper production in budaka town council, budaka district, uganda.
(Busitema University, 2023) Twanza, Asinancy Hannah
This study examines the factors limiting green pepper production in Budaka Town Council in Budaka district. Data was collected from 85 farmers through interviews with the help of structured questionnaire. The methods used were qualitative and quantitative Data analysis. The results of this study show that green pepper production is very economical to many farmers in terms of income in Budaka Town Council in Budaka district. The results show that the agronomic practices such as early planting, timely weeding, and fertilizer application when not applied properly hinder the production of green pepper. Furthermore, poor technologies and practices such as use of hand hoes, poor irrigation systems also limit green pepper production. The factors limiting green pepper production in Budaka Town Council include pests and diseases, infertile soils, unfavorable climate and weather, price fluctuation. From the findings of the study, it was recommended that in order to reduce on the factors limiting green pepper production the Government should ensure subsidization of the agricultural sector and should also reduce on the taxes imposed on the agricultural sector. It was recommended that the district agricultural officers should provide enough pesticides to farmers at a fairly lower price and should also carry out sensitization of the farmers in order to reduce on the challenge of pests and diseases limiting green pepper production. For the purpose of compatibility, the research can be replicated in Budaka Town Council using a larger sample like 100 respondents. Further studies should be carried out carefully to monitor and assess how workers carryout their activities. Potential areas for research and development in the Town Council Include; Factors that boost the production of green pepper production in Budaka Town Council. How has technology influence green pepper production in Budaka Town Council.
The effect of sun-drying on raw eggs into egg powder to increase on transportation, storage and handling in times of glut among rural farmers
(2023) Ajambo Linda Bridget
Egg is a nutrient dense food (Ruxton, Derbyshire et al. 2010). The cyclical egg glut characterized by egg spoilage, quality deterioration and wastage imparts negatively on poultry farmers. Powdered dried egg provides a convent alternative to this problem. The focus of this study was to compare and evaluate processed whole eggs into powder form using sun drying as a method of egg powder production and the whole fresh eggs. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of whole egg powders made from sun drying as processing method. The effect of sun drying on yield results of powdered eggs from whole eggs are compared to the results from whole eggs when mixed in baked cake, fried eggs and used in porridge flour so the results are compared and the difference or similarity is observed. Sun drying was opted than other methods of egg powder production because it is pocket friendly hence matching the standards of rural poultry farmers and also are able to reduce losses of fresh whole eggs in times of glut .The findings of the researcher were successful since he was able to find out that sun drying had no effect of the flavor, taste and even the shelf life of the egg powder remained the same compared with the egg powder made by other modern methods of egg powder production. This research was carried out in Busitema University Nagongera
The effect of sun-drying on raw eggs into egg powder to increase on transportation, storage and handling in times of glut among rural farmers
(Busitema University , 2023) Ajambo, Linda Bridget
Egg is a nutrient dense food (Ruxton, Derbyshire et al. 2010). The cyclical egg glut characterized by egg spoilage, quality deterioration and wastage imparts negatively on poultry farmers. Powdered dried egg provides a convent alternative to this problem. The focus of this study was to compare and evaluate processed whole eggs into powder form using sun drying as a method of egg powder production and the whole fresh eggs. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of whole egg powders made from sun drying as processing method. The effect of sun drying on yield results of powdered eggs from whole eggs are compared to the results from whole eggs when mixed in baked cake, fried eggs and used in porridge flour so the results are compared and the difference or similarity is observed. Sun drying was opted than other methods of egg powder production because it is pocket friendly hence matching the standards of rural poultry farmers and also are able to reduce losses of fresh whole eggs in times of glut .The findings of the researcher were successful since he was able to find out that sun drying had no effect of the flavor, taste and even the shelf life of the egg powder remained the same compared with the egg powder made by other modern methods of egg powder production. This research was carried out in Busitema University Nagongera
Effect of different storage materials in controlling maize weevils in kilaki district; case study anyara sub county.
(Busitema University, 2023) Esanyu George William
The study was done to assess the effect of the different storage materials/methods in controlling maize weevils in Kalaki district; case study Anyara sub county. This study aimed at identifying and assessing the effectiveness of the different storage materials in controlling maize weevils with specific objective to identify the different storage materials used for storing maize grains in Kalaki district, Anyara sub-county, assessing the level of damage caused by the weevils to the maize grains under different storage materials and finally identifying and assessing the most effective storage material/method in controlling maize weevils in Kalaki district, Anyara sub-county. The study employed a cross-sectional design because the aim was to collect data on the prevailing situation relating to smallholder maize storage materials and to conduct an assessment and examination on the effectiveness of different storage materials used in controlling maize weevils. From the research findings, the highest percentage of respondents say that the level of damage caused by the weevils is high followed by those who say it’s very high, and the lowest percentage of the respondents say it’s low. Therefore, the level of weevil attack in the study area was very high and demands for an immediate intervention to control the level of damage caused by the weevils and the local farmers are recommended to use modern materials for storage such as hermetic bags and metal silos to help in the effective control of maize weevils although they prefer the use of polypropylene bags because they are affordable and easily accessible.
Factors affecting the production and marketing of maize among smallholder farmers in buyemba parish, bukatube sub-county, mayuge district
(Busitema University, 2023) Kavuma Stephen
Zea mays has become a staple food in Mayuge District, with the total production of maize surpassing that of wheat and rice. In addition to being consumed directly by humans, maize is also used for corn ethanol, animal feed and other maize products such as starch and corn syrup. This study assessed the factors affecting production and marketing of maize and its products among smallholder farmers in Bukatube Sub-County, Mayuge District. Data was collected through a survey of 50 maize farmers. 80% of small-scale farmers deal in growing maize and only 10% use improved varieties and pesticides. According to farmers, the perceived yield losses amounted to 583kg/ha of maize, making 35% of the average maize yield obtained by farmers. Most farmers use cultural methods to improve on the yields and prevent pests and diseases, which they found more cheaper than synthetic pesticides. The study found that limited access to agricultural inputs, limited access to market due to poor transport network, government policies, limited technologies, conservativeness of the farmers and lack of knowledge on how to improve the production and marketing of maize and its products greatly affects production. More research is required to improve on the production and marketing of maize; sensitization of the farmers is also needed as well.
A trend analysis of coffee production in elgon zone of bududa district in buwali sub-county from 2018 to 2024
(Busitema University, 2024) Majeme Godfrey
This study examined the reasons for higher decline of Arabic coffee production level in Elgon zone of Bududa district in Buwali sub-county from the year (2018-2024). The study objectives were; to find out the factors for the higher decline of Arabica coffee production in Bududa district in Buwali sub-county, to assess the effects of high decline of Arabica coffee production to the people of Buwali sub-county in Bududa district, to determine the possible solutions to decline of Arabica production levels in Bududa district, Buwali sub-county.The study employed a descriptive survey research design and took qualitative approaches. The total number of respondents was 65 out of which a sample size of 100 was obtained. Data were analyzed with a for descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that there are factors for the higher decline of Arabica coffee production, there are effects of high decline of Arabica coffee production to the people, there are possible solutions to decline of Arabica production levels in Bududa district. The study recommends that support programs for farmers should be implemented, financial assistance programs or subsides could help farmer cope with economic pressure. Basing on the findings, it is recommended that there should be increased funding for research into climate adaption strategies, pest management and sustainable practices. Developing disease resistant and climate resilient varieties through genetic research could help to sustain yields despite adverse conditions. Utilizing data analytics and technology driven farming techniques can optimize resource use and improve productivity.
Pre- and post-harvest handling factors affecting the quality of green pepper production in kibuku county, kibuku district, uganda
(Busitema University, 2024) Iko Charles
The study aimed to establish the pre- and post-harvest handling factors affecting the quality of green pepper production in Kibuku County, Kibuku District, Uganda. It specifically evaluated the influence of harvest timing, storage conditions, and transportation and packaging methods on green pepper quality. Using a population of 45 and a sample of 40 obtained through the Morgan Table, the study found that 44.4% of respondents strongly agreed that harvest timing significantly affects firmness, while 41.7% also agreed, revealing a clear impact on the post-harvest quality of green peppers. Regarding storage conditions, 30.6% strongly agreed and 38.9% agreed that maintaining correct temperature was crucial, and 30.6% strongly agreed and 47.2% agreed on the importance of managing humidity, underscoring the role of optimal storage conditions in preserving quality. The analysis of transportation and packaging methods showed that 50% of respondents strongly agreed and 36.1% agreed that appropriate transportation methods were essential for maintaining quality. Additionally, 30.6% strongly agreed and 27.8% agreed that proper packaging protected green peppers from damage and spoilage. The study concluded that precise harvest timing, effective storage conditions, and optimized transportation and packaging practices are critical for maintaining green pepper quality. It also recommended enhancing education on temperature management during transportation and improving storage practices to ensure better preservation of green peppers. Furthermore, the study highlighted the need for better implementation of best practices in packaging and distribution to enhance overall quality.
Relationship between agriculture input utilization and maize production in majanji sub county Busia district
(Busitema University, 2024) Radeni, Musana
The study sought to investigate the relationship between agricultural input and household crop production in Majanji Sub County Busia District. The objectives of the study were: To identify the agriculture inputs used by the farmers in Majanji Sub County, to assess the influence of agricultural input utilization on household Maize production; and to examine the challenge ‘farmers, face in the effective utilization of agricultural inputs. Data were collected during June and July from respondents using questionnaires. It was found that agricultural inputs play a key role in household crop production; Women were found to be the major contributors in crop production. Education level, change in cropping system, and the level of technology. In conclusion therefore household crop production cannot stand without agricultural input such as the use of fertilizers, use of tractors, and irrigation among others. More knowledge on use of organic manure to supplement chemical fertilizer should be given or imparted into farmers. Furthermore, extension efforts should be directed towards promoting the adoption of improved varieties, weeding, and management practices for controlling diseases and field and storage pests. This could be in form of government revisiting the old system where tractors and ploughs were availed to almost all sub-counties and would be used by farmers at very low cost because of subsidies from government.
Farmers’ knowledge and awareness of the banana bacteria wilt disease in bushiribo sub-county bududa district
(Busitema University, 2024) Wadulo, John
The study aimed to assess farmers' knowledge and awareness of banana bacterial wilt disease in Bushiribo Sub-County, Bududa District. The general objective was to gauge overall awareness, while the specific objectives included identifying factors influencing this knowledge, examining challenges in disease management, and exploring potential solutions. Using a sample of 40 respondents, the study found that 70% of farmers lacked comprehensive knowledge about BBW, which significantly impacted their ability to manage the disease effectively. Additionally, 80% of respondents reported facing challenges such as inadequate access to information, limited resources for disease management, and insufficient training. The findings also revealed that only 40% of farmers were aware of effective management strategies, indicating a gap in knowledge dissemination. The study concluded that improving farmers' access to training and information is crucial for better disease management. It also recommended that targeted interventions be implemented to enhance awareness and provide practical solutions for managing BBW. Further recommendations include strengthening extension services and fostering collaboration between researchers and farmers to develop and disseminate effective management practices.
Analysis of the factors that influence the adoption of improved technologies in rice production by small holder farmers in nagongera sub-county in tororo district, eastern uganda.
(Busitema University, 2024) Ochieng Gerald
Rice is a staple food crop in Uganda, with small-scale farmers playing a vital role in its production. However, rice production in Nagongera, a rural community in eastern Uganda, faces numerous challenges, including low productivity, limited adoption of improved technologies, and inadequate knowledge of best practices. This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing technology adoption among small-scale rice farmers in Nagongera, with a focus on understanding the importance of rice production, identifying constraints to rice production, and examining current rice farming practices. Using a mixed-methods approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis methods, this study explored the socio economic, institutional, technological, and environmental factors that affect technology adoption among small-scale rice farmers in Nagongera. The study employed a survey questionnaire to collect data from 25 small-scale rice farmers, supplemented by in-depth focus group discussions with 10 farmers and 5 key informants, including agricultural extension agents, local leaders, and technology suppliers. The specific objectives of the study were to:1. Examine the importance of rice production among small-scale farmers in Nagongera, including its contribution to food security, income, and livelihoods.2. Identify the constraints faced by small-scale rice farmers in Nagongera, including biophysical, socio-economic, and institutional challenges.3. Analyze how farmers currently grow rice in Nagongera, including their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding rice production, processing, and marketing. The findings revealed that majority of the respondents (100%) benefited from rice production as source of income, 92% noted that rice production is crucial for food security, and 44% converted rice products into livestock feeds and 48% acknowledged that rice production is a good source of employment that enhanced the livelihood among small-scale farmers in Nagongera. However, farmers face numerous constraints, 68% of the respondents noted that limited access to inputs such as improved seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation equipements, 96% acknowledged impact of climate change as a huge constraint, at least every respondent noted the issue of pest and diseases as the main constraint, about 68% of the respondents said inadequate knowledge of best practices, and at least 60% noted that lack of credits and market information are also constraints. The study also found that farmers' current rice farming practices are characterized by limited use of technology, reliance on traditional methods, and inadequate post-harvest handling and processing. Several factors were found to influence farmers adoption to improved technology in rice production such as possession of technical skills, previous experiences with technology, availability and awareness of the technology, level of education, age, among others. Basing on the research findings Government through extension agents should carryout mass sensitization through a variety of media to equip farmers with rice growing skills and new technologies in rice production.
Factors influencing groundnut (arachis hypogea) production by small holder farmers in buwunga sub county, bugiri district
(Busitema University, 2024) Wanjala, William
This is a report of a study which was carried out during mid-June to early July 2024 to assess factors influencing ground nut production by small holder farmers in Buwunga sub county, Bugiri District.The specific objectives were “To derive solutions to the limitations faced by most smallholder farmers engaging in groundnut production,to assess how groundnut production has contributed on the livelihoods of smallholder farmers and to find out the different ways in which the smallholder farmers have been using the local farming techniques in groundnut production.”Data were collected using research questionnaires from 50 respondents .The findings showed that many farmers are relatively new to groundnut farming, which could impact their productivity and efficiency.Male farmers preferred Igola-1 variety while women farmers preferred to grow the Virginia variety. Therefore, it was recommended that extension services for groundnut farmers should be targeted to the different needs of man and women farmers
Major causes of the decline of tomato production among small hold farmers in budondo subcounty, budondo village in jinja district, uganda
(Busitema University, 2024) Mukesi Rogers
Tomato [Solanum esculentum.L], is among the most widely grown vegetables globally with an estimated annual production of 182 million tons from 4,8 million hectares. The crop is ranked sixth among the most consumed crops worldwide. Therefore, the major purpose of this research was to find out the major cause for the decline of tomato production amongst small holder farmers in budondo village specifically. Materials and methods: The study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative methods. A questionnaire was developed to gather information on demographics, lifestyle factors, and existing management strategies for the under production of tomatoes. Interviews were conducted with a subset of participants to obtain qualitative data on their experiences, perceptions, and challenges related to tomato production and their management. Data was analyzed using descriptive and thematic analysis. Results: the study found out that there is a significant prevalence of pest and disease attacks in the area that attacked the tomato gardens and mostly the bacterial wilt disease. The study finally found out that the most commonly perceived effective management strategies were, selection of the resistant varieties, using healthy seeds, spraying with chemicals, removal of the affected crops, and others. Conclusion: Research findings underscore the need for comprehensive intervention to address the causes for the under production of tomatoes in the area of budondo.

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