Department of Agriculture

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Assessment of the impacts of witch weeds on cereal crops in kanyumu sub-county, Kumi district.
(Busitema University, 2026) Acam, Patience Ruth
This study assessed the effect of witch weed (Striga spp.) on cereal crops in Kanyumu Sub-county, Kumi District. The study was guided by four objectives, which were to assess the effects of witch weed infestation on the growth and yield of cereal crops, examine the parasitic and biochemical mechanisms through which witch weed affected cereal crops, evaluate the effectiveness of management strategies used by farmers, and develop recommendations for improved management. A descriptive study design was adopted, and data were obtained using questionnaires administered to cereal farmers in the study area. The generated findings indicated that witch weed infestation was widely experienced, with 87.0% of respondents reporting infestation. Maize was the most affected cereal crop, followed by sorghum and millet, while stunted growth, yellowing of leaves, wilting and poor grain formation were the major symptoms observed. Competition for water and nutrients was the most commonly perceived mechanism of damage. Hand weeding was the most commonly used management strategy, although farmers reported challenges including high input costs, repeated weed emergence and limited knowledge of effective control methods. The study concluded that witch weed negatively affected cereal growth and yield and recommended integrated management involving timely weed removal, crop rotation, improved soil fertility, resistant varieties, farmer training and strengthened Agricultural extension services.
Factors influencing onion (allium cepa) production among smallholder farmers in Mabono sub-county Bududa district.
(Busitema University, 2026) Namanda, Dan
This study examined the factors influencing onion (Allium cepa L.) production among smallholder farmers in Mabono Sub-county, Bududa District. The study was motivated by the challenges faced by farmers in achieving consistent and profitable onion production despite the availability of relatively fertile agricultural soils. The study specifically aimed to identify the major socio-economic, environmental and technical factors influencing onion production, assess the challenges faced by smallholder onion farmers, and identify possible strategies for improving onion production. A descriptive survey research design employing both quantitative and qualitative approaches was used. The study targeted smallholder onion farmers and agricultural officers in Mabono Sub-county. A total of 100 respondents were considered, comprising 95 farmers and 5 agricultural officers. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, interview schedules and focus group discussions. Quantitative data were analyzed using frequencies and percentages, while qualitative information was used to complement and explain the quantitative findings. The findings showed that onion production was influenced by several interconnected factors. Pests and diseases were the most frequently reported factor, affecting 82% of farmers, followed by quality of seed (78%), soil fertility (76%), rainfall and water availability (73%), cost of inputs (70%), market access (68%), farming knowledge and skills (61%), labor availability (57%), extension services (48%), access to credit (43%) and land availability (39%). The study also found that most farmers operated on small plots, with 38% cultivating less than 0.5 acre and 34% cultivating between 0.5 and 1 acre. Major challenges included small land size (85%), pests and diseases (82%), high cost of inputs (78%), high transport costs (69%), poor soil fertility (65%) and unstable market prices (63%).The study further established that farmers were highly willing to adopt improved onion production technologies, with 86% indicating willingness to adopt new technologies if adequately trained. The most preferred interventions included provision of quality improved seed (81%), farmer training and extension services (76%), affordable agricultural inputs (74%), improved irrigation facilities (69%), access to agricultural credit (67%) and improved pest and disease management (65%).The study concludes that onion production in Mabono Sub-county is constrained by biological, economic, environmental, institutional and land-related factors. It recommends strengthening agricultural extension services, improving access to quality seed and affordable inputs, promoting irrigation and water-management practices, improving pest and disease management, strengthening farmer groups and collective marketing, improving access to affordable credit, and promoting appropriate post-harvest storage facilities. These interventions could enable smallholder farmers to increase onion productivity, improve household incomes and make better use of their limited agricultural land.
Assessment of socio-economic factors influencing the productivity of local chickens (Gallus domestic) in Bupoto sub-county in Namisindwa district.
(Busitema University, 2026) Nambuba, Esther
This study was conducted in Bupoto Sub County, Namisindwa District to assess the socioeconomic factors influencing the productivity of local chicken. The objectives to: describe the current levels of productivity of local chickens; examine the household characteristics influence on productivity; examine the effects of access to agricultural support services and determine the relationship between market and productivity. Data were collected from rural households and communities using surveys. The findings show that a large percentage of poultry farmers are women since men usually leave poultry keeping for women and children because of the perception that poultry production is minor and not benefiting mens efforts. This implies that women play a key role in local chicken production and as a result contribute directly to household food security and the well-being of children. Household interviews shows that there is an increase in current level of productivity of local chickens most especially in households with large number of members who look after local chickens. Basing on the findings, it was concluded that improved access to agricultural support services, vaccination programs and improved market access have contributed greatly to the productivity of local chickens. Therefore, it is recommended that stakeholders such as policy makers, extension workers and farmers should invest more in research and development through multidisciplinary approach to research about the socioenomic factors that will influence the productivity of local chickens in Bupoto sub-county.
Factors Influencing Uptake of improved Agricultural mechanization Technologies among maize farmers in Busiu town council
(Busitema University, 2026-09-04) Masinde, Elvis
This study was carried out to establish the factors limiting the uptake of improved mechanization by maize growers in Busiu town council. The specific objectives were to; establish the farmers' knowledge about improved mechanization technologies for maize production; establish the farmers' attitudes towards the use of improved mechanization in maize production; and, find out the coping strategies used by farmers to overcome the production challenges without mechanization technologies. A mixed-methods research design was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data were collected from 30 randomly selected maize farmers using structured questionnaires and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and presented through descriptive statistics, tables, and graphical illustrations. The findings revealed that the adoption of mechanization technologies is constrained by several interrelated factors. Most respondents (86.7%) had never received adequate training or information on the use of mechanized farm equipment, while over 90% reported limited access to mechanization tools and services. High acquisition costs of machinery, low household income, fragmented land holdings, and the limited availability of mechanization equipment were identified by nearly all respondents as major barriers to adoption. The study also established that mixed cropping, practiced by 96.7% of the farmers, further limits the effective use of mechanized technologies. Consequently, all respondents continued to rely on traditional hand hoes, with only a few using ox-ploughs or tractors. The alternative hypothesis that there is a significant relationship between farmers' knowledge and the uptake of improved mechanization technologies was accepted. To enhance mechanization uptake, the study recommended the strengthening of extension services, providing regular farmer training, promoting farmer cooperatives, subsidizing mechanization equipment, encouraging land consolidation, supporting local fabrication of affordable machinery, and improving farmers' access to mechanization service providers. Implementing these interventions would enhance maize productivity, reduce production costs, and contribute to sustainable agricultural development in Busiu Town Council and Mbale district at large.
COFFEE INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (CIMS)
(Busitema University, 2026-08-31) (cheptoris, winnie)
Coffee is an important cash crop and a major source of livelihood for smallholder farmers in Uganda. However, smallholder coffee farmers in Kapchorwa face challenges in post-harvest handling, drying, storage, and marketing. Poor harvesting practices, inadequate drying and storage conditions, limited documentation, and weak traceability can contribute to coffee quality deterioration, reduced market access, and lower returns to farmers. The study therefore aimed to design, develop, implement, and test a Coffee Information Management System (CIMS) to improve coffee post-harvest handling, storage, and marketing among smallholder farmers. The study adopted an applied research approach and used the SADAM methodology within the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), incorporating Rapid Application Development (RAD) principles. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and document review involving smallholder farmers, coffee buyers, and selected agricultural extension officers. The collected information was analyzed to identify functional and non-functional system requirements. The system was developed as a web-based application using HTML, CSS, Bootstrap, JavaScript, PHP, and MySQL, with XAMPP used for local deployment and testing. The developed CIMS provides functionality for user registration and login, farmer management, harvest recording, drying and storage records, coffee availability, buyer transactions, and purchase history. The system also supports centralized data storage and improves the organization, retrieval, and traceability of coffee information from harvest to sale. Unit testing, integration testing, and user validation were conducted to assess the functionality and usability of the system. The study concludes that CIMS provides a practical digital approach to replacing fragmented manual record-keeping and improving the management of coffee post-harvest and marketing information. The study recommends adoption of the system by coffee organizations and smallholder farmers, together with continuous system maintenance, improvement, and development of additional modules to enhance its functionality
Production Determinants of the Pearl Millet Cropping System in Uganda and Implications to Productivity.
(Journal of Agricultural Science, 2016) Lubadde, G; Tongoona, P; Derera, J; Sibiya, J
Pearl millet is an important crop for people living in semi-arid areas in Uganda but not much is known about its production environment. A survey was conducted in eastern and northern regions of Uganda to characterise the pearl millet cropping system and to identify the most important production determinants. Using questionnaires, data was collected from 160 households through face-to-face interviews with the respondents. Results showed that pearl millet was mainly grown for food and source of income. The production environment was low input as farmers planted unimproved genotypes, used no artificial chemicals or manure, and had minimal access to financial credit and agricultural trainings or extension services. Planting was done in the second rains with no optimal use of important resources like family labour and seed due to seed broadcasting. Farmers desired genotypes with traits such as; stay green, being tall, high tillering, high yield, early maturity and being ergot resistant. The most important constraints were ergot and rust diseases susceptibility, low yield, low tillering, late maturity, sterile panicles, rodents, moulds/rotting and insect pests; while lack of market, low prices and price fluctuation were the important market constraints. Results further showed that farmers lacked knowledge about the common diseases like rust and ergot. The area planted, spouse age and years of pearl millet cultivation were the important factors enhancing production while age of household head, amount of seed planted and distance to the market negatively affected grain yield.
Factors limiting green pepper production in budaka town council, budaka district, uganda.
(Busitema University, 2023) Twanza, Asinancy Hannah
This study examines the factors limiting green pepper production in Budaka Town Council in Budaka district. Data was collected from 85 farmers through interviews with the help of structured questionnaire. The methods used were qualitative and quantitative Data analysis. The results of this study show that green pepper production is very economical to many farmers in terms of income in Budaka Town Council in Budaka district. The results show that the agronomic practices such as early planting, timely weeding, and fertilizer application when not applied properly hinder the production of green pepper. Furthermore, poor technologies and practices such as use of hand hoes, poor irrigation systems also limit green pepper production. The factors limiting green pepper production in Budaka Town Council include pests and diseases, infertile soils, unfavorable climate and weather, price fluctuation. From the findings of the study, it was recommended that in order to reduce on the factors limiting green pepper production the Government should ensure subsidization of the agricultural sector and should also reduce on the taxes imposed on the agricultural sector. It was recommended that the district agricultural officers should provide enough pesticides to farmers at a fairly lower price and should also carry out sensitization of the farmers in order to reduce on the challenge of pests and diseases limiting green pepper production. For the purpose of compatibility, the research can be replicated in Budaka Town Council using a larger sample like 100 respondents. Further studies should be carried out carefully to monitor and assess how workers carryout their activities. Potential areas for research and development in the Town Council Include; Factors that boost the production of green pepper production in Budaka Town Council. How has technology influence green pepper production in Budaka Town Council.
Uptake of sustainable agriculture practices among smallholder crop farmers in nagongera sub-county, tororo district, Uganda
(Busitema University, 2026) Namateka, Shedrack William
This study examined the factors affecting the adoption of sustainable agriculture practices (SAPs) among smallholder farmers in Nagongera Sub-County, Tororo District, Uganda. The study objectives were to: describe the sustainable agriculture practices used by smallholder farmers in Nagongera Sub-County; determine the factors influencing the adoption of sustainable agriculture practices; and identify the challenges faced by farmers in the application of sustainable agriculture practices. Data were collected from 40 smallholder farmers (both men and women) using structured questionnaires administered through face-to-face interviews. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed a moderate level of uptake of sustainable agriculture practices among farmers. Seventy percent (70%) of the respondents regularly practiced crop rotation, while sixty-five percent (65%) used improved seed varieties due to their affordability and immediate benefits. However, agroforestry and the use of organic fertilizers were less adopted because of labor requirements, limited technical knowledge, and financial constraints. The study further established that socio-economic factors such as education level, household income, and farm size significantly influenced adoption of SAPs. Institutional factors, particularly access to extension services, training programs, and cooperative membership, positively influenced farmers’ adoption of sustainable agriculture practices. Environmental challenges including rainfall variability, declining soil fertility, pests and diseases, and land degradation negatively affected adoption levels. Farmers coped with these challenges through strategies such as crop diversification, adjustment of planting dates, agroforestry, and the use of drought-tolerant crop varieties, although only 30% of the farmers demonstrated high levels of adoption. The study concluded that the adoption of sustainable agriculture practices among smallholder farmers was constrained by limited financial resources, inadequate institutional support, and environmental pressures. The study therefore recommends strengthening agricultural extension services, improving access to agricultural inputs and credit facilities, promoting farmer training programs, and enhancing institutional support systems to improve the adoption and sustainability of sustainable agriculture practices among smallholder farmers.
Agriculture land management vita.
(Saturday Monitor, 2017-11-04) Ssali, Michael J.
The anticipated agricultural revolution aimed at ending hunger, creating wealth, expanding exports, and modernising agriculture will not be possible unless the entire public, especially the farmers and local leaders appreciate the importance of sustainable land management.
Determinants of women participation in agroforestry practices in agule county, pallisa district
(Busitema University, 2024) Opedun, Lawrence
Agro-forestry has a number of beneficial effects on smallholder farmer’s households including diversification of income from tree products, food security and sustainability of farming systems. This study was carried out in Oboliso sub county during my course at Busitema university in July 2024. The aim of this study was to assess women participation in agro-forestry and its impacts on food security and livelihoods of the households. The specific objectives were to examine the role of women in agro-forestry, explore the challenges faced by women engaged and come up with possible solutions to the above challenges. Data were collected from 50 respondents using structured questionnaires, interviews (face to face) and observation methods. The findings showed that the major challenges facing women participation in agro forestry are; limited access to resources (land, credits), gender norms and roles, limited decision power, unequal benefit sharing, heavy workload burden, limited access to extension services. Based on these findings, it was concluded that; women have been disadvantaged even though they are willing to carry out agro forestry practices. Therefore, it is recommended that, the local government officials and non- government organizations should; Encourage women farmers to participate in agro forestry, revise gender-sensitive policies, conduct targeted programs, carry out gender mainstreaming, create awareness about women’s role and potential, collaborate with other organizations, provide financial assistance, mentor women to provide opportunities.
The effects of cassava streak virus disease on cassava production
(Busitema University, 2024) Opio, Patrick
Brown streak virus disease is the most important biotic constraint to cassava production in the Uganda. Symptoms include foliar chlorosis and sometimes stem lesions. The disease also affects the tuberous roots which develop a yellow/brown, dry, corky necrosis within the starch-bearing tissues, sometimes accompanied by pitting and distortion, that is visible externally. The foliar symptoms of the disease often do not greatly affect plant growth, although the most sensitive cultivars may be stunted and defoliated. The main impact of the disease on the crop is by causing root necrosis. Field experiments were conducted at two sites in Tanzania to determine the effect of the disease on yield and quality of the roots. Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) decreased root weight and patches of root necrosis made roots unmarketable, although the unaffected parts might still have been suitable for home consumption. The disease therefore has two effects, one on total root yield and one on root quality, which affects marketability. The field trials showed that CBSD can decrease root weight in the most sensitive cultivars by up to 70%. The length of time between the appearance of foliar symptoms and the development of root necrosis is a varietal characteristic. In the most susceptible cultivars, root necrosis may appear within 6 months of planting cuttings derived from symptomatic mother plants. A local cultivar known as cv. Nachinyaya exhibited a form of tolerance to CBSD in which foliar symptoms appeared but the development of root necrosis was delayed allowing the full yield potential to be realized.
Factors that have influenced low adoption of watermelon growing in Ngariam county, katakwi district
(Busitema University, 2023) Opio, Mackay
This study investigated the factors influencing watermelon growing in Ngariam county, Katakwi district, Uganda. The study employed a cross-sectional research design and 20 respondents were involved. Data was collected using questionnaire and presented in form of frequency tables and charts both pie charts and graphs. The findings revealed factors influencing watermelon cultivation such as shortage of land, poor transport, inadequate extension services, harsh climatic conditions, lack of access to credit, price fluctuation, pests and diseases. The agronomic practices to increase the yield of the fruit among farmers included; planting improved seed variety, application of fertilizers, control of pests and diseases, timely planting and harvesting. The approaches for increased adoption of the fruit according to the findings were; improvement of transport, increasing access to credit, provision of effective extension services and provision of improved seeds, provision of fertilizers and pesticides.
Relationship between agriculture input utilization and maize production in majanji sub county Busia district
(Busitema University, 2024) Radeni, Musana
The study sought to investigate the relationship between agricultural input and household crop production in Majanji Sub County Busia District. The objectives of the study were: To identify the agriculture inputs used by the farmers in Majanji Sub County, to assess the influence of agricultural input utilization on household Maize production; and to examine the challenge ‘farmers, face in the effective utilization of agricultural inputs. Data were collected during June and July from respondents using questionnaires. It was found that agricultural inputs play a key role in household crop production; Women were found to be the major contributors in crop production. Education level, change in cropping system, and the level of technology. In conclusion therefore household crop production cannot stand without agricultural input such as the use of fertilizers, use of tractors, and irrigation among others. More knowledge on use of organic manure to supplement chemical fertilizer should be given or imparted into farmers. Furthermore, extension efforts should be directed towards promoting the adoption of improved varieties, weeding, and management practices for controlling diseases and field and storage pests. This could be in form of government revisiting the old system where tractors and ploughs were availed to almost all sub-counties and would be used by farmers at very low cost because of subsidies from government.
Identification of the key challenges that hinder women's access to resources required for agriculture production in bunabutsale, manafwa district
(Busitema University, 2024) Wamusiru, Ivan
This study aimed to identify the key barriers that women face in accessing resources for agricultural production in Bunabutsale, Manafwa District, examine cultural and societal norms that may hinder access, and investigate the effectiveness of existing policies and programs supporting women in agriculture. Utilizing a cross-sectional design, the study surveyed a sample of 40 respondents from a population of 45. The findings revealed that 65% of women face significant barriers in accessing agricultural resources, primarily due to limited access to financial support (70%), inadequate agricultural inputs (60%), and restrictive cultural norms (55%). The study concluded that while several policies and programs exist, their effectiveness is hampered by low awareness and limited outreach, with only 40% of women benefiting from them. Recommendations include enhancing policy implementation, increasing accessibility to financial resources, and improving community awareness of support programs.
Factors influencing groundnut (arachis hypogea) production by small holder farmers in buwunga sub county, bugiri district
(Busitema University, 2024) Wanjala, William
This is a report of a study which was carried out during mid-June to early July 2024 to assess factors influencing ground nut production by small holder farmers in Buwunga sub county, Bugiri District.The specific objectives were “To derive solutions to the limitations faced by most smallholder farmers engaging in groundnut production,to assess how groundnut production has contributed on the livelihoods of smallholder farmers and to find out the different ways in which the smallholder farmers have been using the local farming techniques in groundnut production.”Data were collected using research questionnaires from 50 respondents .The findings showed that many farmers are relatively new to groundnut farming, which could impact their productivity and efficiency.Male farmers preferred Igola-1 variety while women farmers preferred to grow the Virginia variety. Therefore, it was recommended that extension services for groundnut farmers should be targeted to the different needs of man and women farmers
Factors that have contributed to the low adoption of pond fish farming in lukhonge sub county.
(Busitema University, 2024) Wamimbi, Akim
Aqua culture used to be one of most practiced enterprise in lukhonge Sub County with important economic impact on many resource-poor farming families. Many factors limit production and profitability, with hundreds of millions of dollars spent yearly on buying fish alone, but little is known about the cause of low adoption of fish farming, with experts agreeing that they are variable and frequently significant. The recent years many families engaged in fish farming but suddenly many families abandoned the enterprise without clear reasons. Lukhonge Sub County is a low land area in Mbale characterized with many swamps and streams which have become under-utilized and yet the farmers who practice the enterprise reveal its profitability. The study was conducted on the low adoption of pond fish farming in lukhonge sub county Mbale district. The study design was a cross-sectional research design and a sample size of 112 respondents was adopted using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using questionnaire that was designed for both farmers and stakeholders and presented in form of frequency tables and charts both pie charts and graphs the findings revealed that there is clear low adoption of fish farming in lukhonge sub county. However, effects of low adoption of pond fish farming included the following flooding in the area, low incomes in farmers, rural urban migration and others. It was concluded that, efficient adoption of fish farming in a near future can only be achieved with effective farmers’ education as a foundation.
Prevalence and management of cassava soil borne diseases in paya sub county in tororo district, uganda
(Busitema University, 2024) Wapakala, Derick
Introduction: Cassava soil borne diseases have been notably increasing and becoming a concern with significant implications on food security of the farmers and communities. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and management of Cassava Soil Borne Diseases in Paya Sub-County in Tororo district, Uganda. Materials and methods: The study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative methods. A questionnaire was developed to gather information on demographics, socio-economic status, and existing management strategies for CSBD. Literature reviews; including existing research articles, studies and reviews on CSBD were highly utilized to draw references during the study. Interviews were conducted with a subset of participants to obtain qualitative data on their experiences, perceptions, and challenges related to CSBD and its management. Soil sampling tools like; augers, shovels, soil cores and sampling tubes, and examination using light microscope and electron microscope, magnifying glasses, hand lenses and plant disease identification guide were used during the study. Data was analyzed using descriptive and thematic analysis. Results: the study found out that there is a significant prevalence of CSBD in the community (78% of the surveyed fields) of the area of study; there is high overall awareness of risk factors which can be improved, particularly the managerial agronomic practices. The study finally found out that the most commonly perceived effective management strategies were crop rotation, resistant varieties, sanitation, organic amendments, application of fungicides and nematicides among others. Conclusion: Research findings underscore the need for comprehensive interventions to address Cassava Soil Borne Diseases among fields in Paya Sub-County in Tororo district.
Assessment of women's participation in coffee production in bumasheti sub county, bududa district
(Busitema University, 2024) Wateya, Julius
This study on women's participation in the coffee production was carried out in Bumasheti sub county Bududa district during the months of June and August 2024. The Specific objectives were to: evaluate the socioeconomic contributions made by women engaged in the coffee in the Bumasheti sub county Bududa District; find out the outcomes of women's empowerment who produce coffee in the Bumasheti sub-county Bududa District; analyse the opportunities and problems that women in the coffee production sector face; and determine ways to improve women's empowerment and participation in the coffee production in the Bumasheti sub-county of Bududa District. Data were collected from 30 respondents using interviews and questionnaires. The findings showed that women working in the Bumasheti subcounty contributed significantly to the socioeconomic advancement of their communities including bringing in money, enhancing and household welfare. The initiatives for women's empowerment in the coffee industry have produced favorable results, such as improved social status, increased access to resources, and more decision-making authority for women in the Bumasheti sub-county. Overall community growth and increased gender equality have benefited from these improvements. Therefore, it is recommended that local government officials should make sure that women are not excluded from the value chain and have equal access to market possibilities. They should encourage the development of relationships between female coffee growers and purchasers, particularly in specialty coffee markets where premium products may fetch higher prices. Investments should be made in transportation, processing, and road infrastructure can lower post-harvest losses and increase female coffee farmers' access to markets. investigation and gathering of gender disaggregated data to support the creation of programs and policies that advance gender equality in the coffee industry and increase public awareness of the value of the contributions made by women to the coffee business.
Factors influencing onion production in buwabwala sub- county, namisindwa district
(Busitema University, 2024) Wakoli, Anthony
The study sought to establish the challenges that farmers are facing in onion production in Buwabwala Sub- County, Namisindwa District. The study was guided by specific research objectives which included describing the state of onion production, finding out the factors limiting production and determining the factors that facilitate production in Buwabwala Sub- County, Namisindwa District. The study used descriptive survey design and a case study was Buwabwala Sub- County, Namisindwa District. The study used simple random sampling and purposive sampling during research study. The study used a sample size of 50 respondents in the research. The study used both quantitative and qualitative design. It employed questionnaires and data was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). The findings revealed that onion production has generally increased over time due to advancements in agricultural technologies, improved crop varieties, and expanding global demand, onion production is influenced by various factors, including soil fertility, water availability, temperature, sunlight, and pest management, onion producers often face challenges such as unpredictable weather conditions, pests, and diseases that can impact crop yields. Besides, the study showed that shortage of skilled labor impact production capabilities, limited access to raw materials directly affects onion production output, technological limitations play a significant role in restricting production capacity, inadequate infrastructure hinder the production process, environmental regulations limit onion production activities and market demand is a limiting factor in onion production. In addition, the findings show that efficient resource allocation important for facilitating production, technological advancements help in improving production processes, skilled labor contribute to increased production output, maintaining good infrastructure play a crucial role in facilitating production, and stable economic conditions encourage. The researcher recommends that educating farmers on proper harvesting techniques, curing, and storage practices to minimize losses and maintain onion quality.
Identification of the key challenges that hinder women's access to resources required for agriculture production in bunabutsale, manafwa district
(Busitema University, 2024) Wamusiru, Ivan
This study aimed to identify the key barriers that women face in accessing resources for agricultural production in Bunabutsale, Manafwa District, examine cultural and societal norms that may hinder access, and investigate the effectiveness of existing policies and programs supporting women in agriculture. Utilizing a cross-sectional design, the study surveyed a sample of 40 respondents from a population of 45. The findings revealed that 65% of women face significant barriers in accessing agricultural resources, primarily due to limited access to financial support (70%), inadequate agricultural inputs (60%), and restrictive cultural norms (55%). The study concluded that while several policies and programs exist, their effectiveness is hampered by low awareness and limited outreach, with only 40% of women benefiting from them. Recommendations include enhancing policy implementation, increasing accessibility to financial resources, and improving community awareness of support programs.

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